Project Management †the Managerial Process - 1609 Words

Assignment #2: Ducks Unlimited Keystone Conference: Initial Planning Name: David T. Browne Instructor: Dr. Penny Wilkins Bus 517: Project Management – The Managerial Process Date: January 29th, 2011 Describe the elements of scope for the project In discussing the elements of scope for the project, we can look at the scope checklist which gives us the ingredients of the scope definition. These elements in the checklist are as follows: project objective, deliverables, milestones, technical requirements, limits and exclusions, and reviews with customers (if applicable). The Ducks Unlimited Keystone Conference project has information given through the statement of this case study as follows: As a project manager†¦show more content†¦For example the project requires that the conference be held in Charlottesville, NC. The venue is limited to this city and state and the contractor cannot move it to another venue. Evaluate priorities, list them and explain your rationale Forming the priorities for the project considers the three project measurement elements: cost, scope, and time. By determining with the customer which one of these elements are the priority over the others, the project manager can determine which element can be the constraint, which one can be enhanced, and which element to accept. This can affect the quality of the project if time, cost, or scope is the priority. With this project, we do know that the cost of the project cannot exceed a budget of $1.2 million. Therefore the cost is a constraint – no flexibility in this area. Time could be accepted, meaning that the date for the conference could be in twenty or twenty one month – not an exact date. Performance or scope of the project can be enhanced with the flexibility of the projects that the individual teams undertake before the conference. In fact, the service at the venue could be of elegant quality or simply good food. The scope of this project could be enhanced . Develop a preliminary WBS When we look at the preliminary WBS we have to consider the hierarchical breakdown of the job that will have to be finalized in order to complete a successful project. In orderShow MoreRelated†¢ Project Management 5th Edition: the Managerial Process / Erik W. Larson, Clifford F. Gary. Copyright 2011.1232 Words   |  5 PagesModern Project Management. 1. Project: A project is an effort or endeavor undertaken for a period of time in the purpose to build, create or achieve a unique product, services or result. The Characteristics are: * It has an established objective. * It has a defined life span i.e. (Beginning and end) * It involves the input of several departments and professionals. * It’s Unique, because it is what has never been done before. * It makes vital use of specific time, cost andRead MoreProject Management : Application Of Knowledge, Skills, Tools And Techniques885 Words   |  4 Pages EMEN 5030 PROJECT MANAGEMENT JOURNAL Pavani Potluri Graduate Student Interdisciplinary Telecom Program TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC PLANNING 5 3. THE PROJECT MANAGER 7 4. PROJECT ORGANISATION AND PROJECT TEAMS 9 5. COMMUNICATION AND STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT 11 6. CONFLICT AND NEGOTIATION 13 REFERENCES 14 1. INTRODUCTION Project Management is not limited to a particular sector of the industryRead MoreManagerial Feasibility1338 Words   |  6 PagesDefinition of Managerial Feasibility Studies: Managerial Feasibility studies is the objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of an existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats which are presented by the environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success. In its simplest terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to be attained. Managerial feasibility study is an analysis of the viabilityRead MoreProject And Attend Executive Update Sessions1117 Words   |  5 Pagesinvolved with the project and attend executive update sessions? o Where they clear that the project could contribute to the competitive advantage of the firm? o Do they understand the risks and will they be willing to see the project through its rough times? o How much support does top management have among its peers, subordinates and their bosses? o Will they provide support when tough decisions have to be made? (Shore) When working on a global project having the support of senior management both at theRead MoreThe Ideals And Understanding Behind Management1132 Words   |  5 Pagesand understanding behind management has varied largely throughout recent years and new theories and strategies have been developed to help managers and organizations succeed. The ability to succeed for any business or organization relies heavily on the abilities of the manager. No managerial position is the same as there are a multitude of variances and the organization’s industry in which they conduct business is key. An example of a specific industry with immense managerial needs is the constructionRead MoreManagement for Built Environment964 Words   |  4 PagesSubject : MANAGEMENT FOR BUILT ENVIRONMENT ââ€" ª Course : B.SC (HONS) CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT ââ€" ª Subject Code : ECM3134 ââ€" ª Subject Status : Major ââ€" ª Semester : 1 ââ€" ª Assessment : 50%=Final Examination; 50%=Coursework Lecturer Details ââ€" ª Lecturer : Jeffrey Lee Sheu Tiong ââ€" ª HP/Tel : 019 2728655 ââ€" ª E-mail Address : jeffreylee@segi.edu.my Learning Material Main Text : G Cole, â€Å"Management Theory and Practice†Read MoreWeek 10 Amba 640970 Words   |  4 PagesAMBA 640 Executive Summary – This paper emphasizes the importance of Project Management, Operations Management and Information Systems Management at work place. It gives brief problems from my work place – Verizon Federal Network System. All three management are important to the company and it represents company indirectly. Managerial Problems – Managing people is not easy, because everyone is an individual personality and everyone has their own opinion. Everyday people face differentRead MorePlanning At Different Levels, Project Planning, And The Drawbacks Of Poor Strategic Planning1268 Words   |  6 Pages Planning Planning within an organization is essential as it is the first of five managerial functions. Simply put, planning includes what an organization should do and how to do it. Without planning a manager may not organize, staff, lead, or control the organization efficiently and effectively. Throughout this paper I would like to discuss strategic planning, planning at different levels, project planning, and the drawbacks of poor strategic planning. According to the textbook strategic planningRead MorePoor Management Outline Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesPage 1 This capstone project will attempt to demonstrate how toxic managers and poor managerial decisions in general have lead to a very bad working environment. Through research over the Internet as well as the polling that has recently taken place in my workplace I will provide a foundation for my capstone project. This project involves a great deal of importance to both my personal and professional lives. The rationale behind my choice of this as my capstone project topic can be quite simplyRead MoreUnderstanding the Managerial Challenges of the Orion Shield Project1095 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Understanding the Managerial Challenges of the Orion Shield Project: A Case Study Analysis There is an ancient Chinese proverb, A fish rots from the head. Nowhere is the wisdom of this phrase more evident than in the management of large projects or organizations. In the Orion Shield scenario provided, a variety of critical decisions made by a novice project manager jeopardized the success of the project and resulted in his demotion. The project consisted of producing materials to improve the

Money and its supply Free Essays

Increasing money in supply can lead to inflation where the general prices of goods and services rise dramatically. This erodes the purchasing power of a currency and the value of other monetary items. Moreover, this may create uncertainty among investors concerning future inflation and this reduces saving and investment. We will write a custom essay sample on Money and its supply or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly, inflation makes lending institutions to stop lending or charge high interest rates because of its declining value. Reducing money in circulation so as to curb inflation may lead to price decline of goods and services and consumers would horde out their money hoping that it will increase in value in the future. When consumers stop spending, movement of goods declines making businesses to make losses leading to unemployment. Borrowing becomes prohibitive since businesses are forced to spend more when servicing the debt. Government and stability of its currency The government can maintain a stable currency by ensuring that the monetary policy is effective and efficient. The exchange rate system should not be controlled and the movement of currency in and out f the country should not be restricted by the government. Both monetary and fiscal policies should be stable so as to ensure that the rate of inflation does fluctuate unnecessarily. This will insulate the legal tender from global economic shocks. The government can use fiscal policies by regulating spending and taxation to increase economic growth during low inflation and high unemployment, and lower it during low unemployment and high inflation (Hanke, 2003). Factors that would undermine a stable currency include regulation of the exchange rate of a currency or the movement of the currency in and out of the country. In addition, increasing money in circulation when economic growth is stagnant would lower the value of the currency and create inflation. Emerging economy and a wealthy country The law of comparative advantage argues that, nations can benefit from trade by engaging in trade even when one country lacks absolute advantage in producing goods being traded. For example, Mundania and Lalaland are two nations each producing both jackets and sandals. Mundania is efficient and produces 100 jackets and 140 sandal every hour compared to Lalaland who make 80 jackets and 60 sandals per hour. Mundania enjoys absolute advantage in production of both goods. Working 40hrs per week, both countries produce 180 x 40hrs = 7200 units of jackets and 200 x 40 = 8000 unit of sandals. However, if factor cost in production of jackets in mundania is more efficient compared to Lalaland, Mundania would concentrate solely in jacket production. The 40 hours spent in sandals production would enable production of 8000 jackets in Mundania per week. Moreover, Lalaland would concentrate on sandals production and increase production to 8000 per week. Jacket production not only remains stable but increases considerably because of specialization. Country ranking Kenya’s competitiveness has stagnated over the past year and several policies ought to be enacted to improve its performance. It has improved in its capacity to innovate through research and development and collaborating well the institutions of scientific research to those in business field. To enhance competitiveness, I would improve both the education sector and job training skills so as to increase the number of skilled workers. The country’s economy has reformed considerably with a considerable portion being sustained by the financial market due to increased access to loans and development of the stock market. This is in line with the findings of world Economic Forum (2009-2010) This sector needs more support through reduction of bureaucracies and enhancing transparency. Moreover, public institutions have been known to be inefficient as a result of corruption and this need to be addressed urgently. Anti-corruption agency should be established and given power to prosecute corrupt officials. I would also uplift the living standard of people by ensuring the health facilities are accessible to all and increase housing sector by seeking international aid to construct affordable houses especially in urban areas to avoid growth of shanties and overcrowding. How to cite Money and its supply, Papers

Comparing Vietnam and Afghanistan free essay sample

A look at political issues and similarities between Afghanistan and Vietnam. This is a paper comparing the political upheavals in Vietnam with those in Afghanstan, how the two countries got involved, and how this effected current events in Asia. The author looks at various regional tensions and how these have impacted the creation of enemies. Views are displayed from the Soviet, American, North and South Vietnamese and Afghan perspectives. The United States and the Soviet Union had been enemies for the majority of the duration of the twentieth century. They represented the two political poles, divided by the Iron Curtain, with all other countries spread on either side of it. They had gone through a space race and an arms build up, which produced the creation of weapons of mass destruction, able to completely eradicate life on earth. A few time during the twentieth century humanity had witnessed near global catastrophes. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing Vietnam and Afghanistan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But the climax of the bloodiest age in human history occurred in the mirrored regional conflicts that changed the world and brought a peaceful coexistence between former rivals.

Physical Theatre Essay Example

Physical Theatre Essay Physical Theatre History: * Physical theatre is a catch-all term to describe any performance that pursues storytelling through primary physical means * The term â€Å"physical theatre† has been applied to performances consisting mainly of: 1. Mime 2. Contemporary dance 3. Theatrical clowning and other physical comedy 4. Some forms of puppetry 5. Theatrical acrobatics * Modern physical theatre has grown from a variety of origins.Mime and theatrical clowning schools such as L’Ecole Jacques Lecoq Paris, have had a big influence on many modern expressions of Physical Theatre. * Another tradition started with the very famous French master  Etienne Decroux  (father of  corporeal mime). Decrouxs aim was to create a theatre based on the physicality of the actor allowing the creation of a more  metaphorical theatre. This tradition has grown and corporeal mime is now taught in many major theatrical schools. Legacy: Physical theatre had become such a big phenomenon today, being shown in movie such as â€Å"Stomp the Yard† and â€Å"Step Up† as well as huge worldwide productions such as â€Å"Wicked†, â€Å"Cirque de Solei† and â€Å"Hairspray† * We are the building block of the movement of physical theatre.Techniques: * Important theatre directions such as Vsevolod Meyerhold,  Jerzy Grotowski,  Eugenio Barba,  Ariane Mnouchkine  and  Tadashi Suzuki  all explored and developed a variety of intense training techniques for their actors, that were intended to liberate actors and audiences from boring and unstimulating performances. They argued that a performing body should be an instrument of expression that has unique rhythms and patterns that must be amplified, developed and mastered before a performance can be viewed as effective. * They also advocated a variety of training regimes and exercises to develop what they believed were important connections between the communication of physical and emotional tr uth in actors and many of their suggestions have been taken up by acting schools in a number of countries.

Writer’s choise Essay Example

Writer’s choise Essay Example Writer’s choise Essay Writer’s choise Essay Name: Course: Institution: Date: Case 17: Question one: The basic force behind Sunny Hwang’s idea of expanding his business to the international level was to search for how he could manufacture goods in the most cost-effective way. This reason is based on his decision of doing business in China, where he discovered it as being much cheaper. For example, China is featured by inexpensive labor and raw materials in the aspect of manufacturing in a most businesses and industries. The idea of investing his business in China was not a good idea because of having a slight advantage and a heavy disadvantage at the same time. For example, although the materials were readily cheap and available, they ran out of good quality. As a result, the business would not have survived if it only relied on the advantage of meeting cheap costs. Hwang’s business could have succeeded if he conducted extensive research on various international markets. This would have enabled him to consider investing in other countries besides China including Thailand and Japan. For example, the Thailand market holds a large share of the market within the Asian Continent. Question two The first strategy of Hwang involved making deals with a local Chinese businessperson who had also made a move in ensuring quality of his goods through employing supervisors to inspect his products. However, the strategy was not the best since his business needs were unable to be met. The next strategy involved Hwang taking the huge responsibility of taking over his company. However, he decided to get assistance from one of his relatives in running the business who acquired skills from the training he went through in the United States which related to the task he was assigned. This strategy was better because he got assistance from a person he knew and trusted in a greater way. Therefore, the former strategy was not as effective because he did not conduct extensive research on the people he was dealing with. He made a rash decision in trusting the local Chinese tradesmen before learning on how they conducted their business. Question three One of the opportunities that the U.S firms could evaluate from China is on employees. For example, if the Salary of twenty laborers in China could sum up to what one worker earns in the United States, this could be an advantageous opportunity. Businesses in the United States who hire Chinese workers would end up earning more than other firms earn because expenses used in wage payment would decrease as the productivity in labor increases. Another opportunity would be investing while using efficient and reasonable costs. For example, if the cost of rent is cheaper in China when compared to the United States, this would bring a greater deal for American businesses investing in China and they would gain a significant opportunity based on cutting the costs of capital involving reduced expenses on land. Some of the features found in China that would be ideal for minimal businesses include the availability of adequate resources including raw materials and labor force at an affordable cost. Question four One of the challenges that Hwang experienced when investing his business in China was having difficulties while ensuring high quality in the production of goods. Although affordability is associated with the access of adequate resources, the value of the commodities produced is low. Other problems that can be faced by American investors when conducting their businesses in China include language barrier, cultural indifferences, lack of a stabilized establishment of the market due to unfamiliarity of the surrounding. Case 21: Question five One of the basic precautions that Fox would have considered in minimizing the level of property damage caused involves the installation of certain protection equipment. For example, installing an emergency system of alarms would have enabled the organization in being alerted at a quicker rate about the incident and hence recover more of its property. Fox would also have taken the precautionary step of inspecting the electrical system. The fault in the electrical structure of the plant would probably have been spotted earlier if it underwent regular inspection. As a result, the company would have been saved from suffering such a tragic loss and hence escape the trouble of bearing greater expense consequences.

Booker T Washington Essays - Booker T. Washington, American Slaves

Booker T. Washington an African American was born on April 5, 1856 in Hale?s Ford, Virginia. Booker T. Washington was born into slavery but however he was freed by the Civil War in 1865. Also, Booker T. Washington?s original name was Booker Taliaferro. Washington?s father was an white man and his mother was one of the slaves of James Burroughs. Later on Booker T. Washington?s mother remarried a slave by the name of Washington Ferguson and when Booker was enrolled in school, he took the last name of his stepfather becoming known as Booker T. Washington. However, even though Booker T. Washington went to Franklin County school, he was not there as a student but to carry books for one of James Burroughs's daughters since it was illegal to educate slaves that time. In the summer of 1865, Booker T. Washington migrated with his siblings to Malden, West Virginia to join his stepfather. However, even though Washington?s mother couldn?t read herself, she encouraged Booker T. Washington to rea d by buying him spelling books. As time went on Washington?s mother also enrolled Booker T. Washington in an elementary school. Encouraged by his teacher Booker T. Washington learned how to read and write but he still wasn?t satisfied, he wanted to pursue his education. At the age of sixteen, Booker T. Washington left Malden and enrolled at the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, in Hampton, Virginia. However, Washington didn?t have enough money to pay for his school fees so he worked at the school to pay for his education throughout the way. Due to his education and strong beliefs Washington was an African American educator, orator, author and a dominant leader. From 1878-1879 Washington attended Wayland Seminary in Washington, D.C., and returned to teach at Hampton Institute. ?The president of Hampton, Samuel C. Armstrong recommended Washington to become the first principal at Tuskegee Institute.? (wikianswers.com) Tuskegee Institute was opened in July 4, 1881. The year af ter the institute opened booker T. Washington purchased former plantation which went on to become the permanent site of the campus. Under Booker T. Washington?s directions, the students learned how to provide for their basic necessities themselves. ?The main goal of Tuskegee Institute was not to produce farmers and tradesmen, but teachers of farming and trades who taught in the new high schools and colleges for blacks across the South.? (wikipedia.com) Now Tuskegee Institute is known as Tuskegee University.In his whole lifetime Booker T. Washington married three times. First, he married Fannie N. Smith and had one daughter. Fannie died in May of 1884. Next, Washington married Olivia A. Davidson. They had two sons Booker T. Washington Jr. and Ernest Davidson Washington before she died in 1889. Last, Booker T. Washington married Margaret James Murray who outlived Washington and died in 1925. Despite Washington?s, widespread work, his health was getting worse rapidly. He died in his ho me in Tuskegee on November 14, 1915 at the age of fifty nine. It was later discovered that the reason for his death was hypertension. Booker T. Washington was buried on the campus of Tuskegee University near the University Chapel.

John Rawls - Political Liberalism - Choose 1 out of 2 suggested topics Essay

John Rawls - Political Liberalism - Choose 1 out of 2 suggested topics - Essay Example The idea explains political liberalism in a democratic society. It is evident that, in a democratic society, each person’s world view is valid and acceptable. The confusion here is that, if each person’s opinion of the world is diverse, it is a miracle how they live in the same society, sharing common laws. The idea of public reason explains how the society is able to maintain political liberalism. It shows that the public reason plays an important role in ensuring constitutional democracy. Below is a description of the connection between public understanding and political liberalism, which also illustrates its role in the constitutional democracy. Rawls’ political liberalism is all about the liberal conception of the role of justice. Rawls argues that because the society has competing conceptions of the good, the government should be neutral when it comes to support such conceptions. This is where he develops the idea of public reason, to explain the existence of political liberty even with the existence of different people with different views and beliefs. A political liberty comes with a democratic society, but within a democratic society, people still have to be coerced to specific laws. One law for so many people, yet they have differences. Rawls uses public reason to explain how it ensures constitutional democracy (Rawls 213). In order to understand how public reason helps a society achieve political liberty, it is important to describe what it is, as conceptualized by Rawls. It is also essential to comprehend what a democratic society means. A democratic society is a free society. A free society is composed of citizens with dissimilar worldviews. People have different conceptions about what is wrong or right; people have different religious beliefs, and people value various forms and pursuits of interpersonal relations. Democratic people will have different aims in life and will want to act according to their beliefs, yet in a

State-Supported Terrorism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

State-Supported Terrorism - Assignment Example These are the nations that pose a threat to the US National Security, although Saudi Arabia and Pakistan also come under the same list of â€Å"passive sponsorships† but regardless to their activities they are excluded out deliberately. In article 3 the writer, Daniel Byman has identified the states that are passively sponsoring terrorist organizations around the world. The states that are prominently known for their support are Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Iran, and Lebanon. These states in order to strengthen their security jeopardize the National Security of US and drag societies into the darkest propensities. It is a widely known fact that 9/11 was orchestrated with the help of Saudi Arabia of which funding transactions were traced evidently displaying Saudi Arabia’s tacit terrorist sponsorship for destroying US security. Likewise, Pakistan is held responsible for the Talibanization within the country, as the members of its intelligence ISI are in full support of Al-Qaeda. These countries which are referred to as â€Å"non-state actors† stay at the corner, some may as well agree on fighting terrorism becoming invaluable allies for the time being. The problem is not with their attitude of doing something instead it’s their attitude of doing nothing at all about the prevailing threats to the national security. One way these states react to these problems is that they offer a middle ground to the problem to safeguard their own security they shift their problem to others by offering the terrorists to stay and get arrested or leave which moves them to other countries where they perform acts of terrorism. These terrorist groups often act as government’s partners and not as their agents, although they openly deny the accusations it is evident with the size of their training setups, their methods of recruitments and funding.  

Walmarts Essay Example for Free

Walmarts Essay Part I describe Walmart expansion As the largest retail chain in the world, Walmart is one of the earliest companies that realize that waiting too long to get into foreign countries would give competitors a lead that would be difficult to close. However, globalization is always a double-edged sword. Despite that Walmart is the world’s largest company with a turnover of $312. 4 billion, Walmart’s results from globalization had been mixed. In 1991, the establishment of Sam’s Club near Mexico City represents takeoff of Walmart’s globalization. In 1998, In 1998, Wal-Mart acquired a controlling interest in Mexicos largest retailer, Cifra, which operated stores throughout the country, ranging from the largest chain of sit-down restaurants to a soft lines (apparel, home furnishings, fabric) department store. In 2000, Wal-Mart changed Cifras name to Wal-Mart de Mexico. Acquisition is a common way in that Walmart goes into other countries’ markets. In March 2004, Wal-Mart Brazil announced the acquisition of Bompreco, a retail chain with 118 units; In late 2005, Wal-Mart acquired the retail operations of  · Sonae Brasil S. A. (Sonae). In 1994, Wal-Mart purchased all 122 Canadian Woolco discount stores. Walmart entered South Korea in July 1998 by acquiring a majority stake in Makro. In the United Kingdom (UK), Wal-Mart had acquired ASDA, a profitable chain in 1999; In the spring of 2000, Walmart moved quickly to finalize its $10. 8 billion deal to acquire the 232-store supermarket chain, which was Walmart’s largest acquisition ever. Acquisition helps Walmart conquer some foreign countries quickly. Some successful examples are Walmart’s practices in Mexico, Brazil and United Kingdom. At the end of 2005, Wai-Mart operated a total of 807 stores in Mexico, including 107 Super centers and 71-SAMS CLUBS. The company employed more than 112,000 associates across the country. as of December 2005, Wal-Mart Brazil operated 22 Wal-Mart Super- centers, 15 Sams Clubs, and 2 Todo Dias and 116 Balaio discount stores. Employing about 28,000 associates, Wal-Mart was the sixth-largest retailer in Brazil. In December 2005, Wal-Mart had 273_ASDA Super Centers, 21 ASDA! Wal-Mart Supercenters, 10 GEORGE stores, and 5 ASDA Living stores and 4 ASDA Small Town stores in the UK. The company employed more than 150,000 people in the UK. Acquisition is not a master key to door of any country, some failures remind Walmart to reconsider its global strategy. In Canada, Walmart’s initial operation did not get off to the right start. Indeed, for the first three years (1995-97) Wal-Mart Canada showed major losses. Fortunately, things got improved subsequently. But the luck did not last to Korean market: In May 2006, Wal-Mart announced that it would sell all 16 of its South Korean stores to Shinsegae and exit from Korean market. It is not fair to entirely account Walmart’s losses in Canadian and Korean markets for failure of acquisition strategy. Expansion globally is always a systematic and complicated process, in which a lot of factors need to considered, such as politics, diet habits, consuming psychology etc.. Looking the history of Walmart’s expansion through, Walmart was used to, or had to, apply joint venture under tight restrictions in foreign countries. And it is indeed hard to evaluate whether joint venture is an ideal approach or not. Wal-Mart had entered Indonesia, attracted by the worlds fourth most populous country. The retailer faced numerous challenges in a country where retailers operated under tight restrictions?. Walmart teamed up with Lippo Group. However, the development of Walmart Indonesia was not smooth as expected. China is another country where Walmart had to partner with other to practice its expansion strategy. Walmart and other foreign retailers had to offer a 35 percent stake in each store to a Chinese joint venture partner and were restricted to a territory of approximately 40 cities each. After China joined WTO, Walmart obtained greater management authority. Meanwhile, Walmart became actively involved in government relations and started talking directly with Chinese government officials at both local and national levels and through trade groups in both the United States and China. In December 2005, Walmart had 46 Supercenters, 3 Sams Clubs, and 2 Neighborhood Markets in China, together employing more than 27,000 associates. However, at the end of 2006, Walmart was laying the groundwork to become the biggest foreign chain in China with the $1 billion purchase of a major retailer-a Taiwanese-owned supermarket chain called Trust-Mart- which-would more than double its presence in China. And in Wuhan, a Chinese city with a population of approximately 10 millions, there is only one Walmart supercenter. Compared with McDonald’s, it is safe to say that Walmart has a long way to go to complete its global expansion. Part II Top management orientation in Walmart: The orientation of top management refers to the degree of domination of the MNE headquarters over subsidiary management and HR practices as compared to the degree of localization of subsidiary practices. In my opinion, Walmart’s senior management orientation is Geocentrism. The most significant characteristic of Walmart is its perpetuation: Walmart hires best employers all over the world, and is willing to train them to take key positions everywhere in the world, which typically matches the requirement of Geocentrism. In addition, a word â€Å"localization† is usually connected with â€Å"globalization†. As a multinational Enterprise, Walmart’s global strategy determines that Walmart has to localize itself from Decision Making to Evaluation, from Rewards to Punishment. On the other side, Wal-Marts approach to competing in overseas markets had evolved over time. But three main ingredients never change: Brand names (Wal-Mart and · Sams Club), Every Day Low Price (EDLP) strategy, and ethical standards. In order to keep its core value, Walmart need to figure out the balance between localization and standardization. The only flaw, I think, is Walmart information flow. There is no doubt that Walmart’s subsidiaries have smooth channel to communicate with headquarter. However, based on my research, there is not so many practices to strengthen communication among subsidiaries. In any case, we cannot deny that Walmart is Geocentrism. Value Culture: As the largest retail company, Walmart must focus on customer and quality. Actually, that’s exactly what they do. The customer is No. 1 in the Walmart culture, and they are putting tremendous effort into understanding customers and serving them in new ways. Its Global Customer Insights group is developing world-class analytics to identify customer trends and support merchandising and marketing decision-making within the business. At the same time, the importance of getting even closer to our customers is always emphasized throughout their ranks. Business Model Behaviors: To satisfy customers’ one-stop shopping experience, Walmart regards a broader assortment as the approach to attract customers. In 2012, Walmart added back more than 10,000 products across hundreds of merchandise categories. Walmart selects suppliers with high standards, assuring that it is the first to be offered new innovative products. Meanwhile, Walmart continue to fine-tune its offerings. All kinds of national brands, private brands and opening price point products can be seen in Walmart, to adapt different tastes. As we all acknowledged, â€Å"Every Day Low Price(EDLP)† is one of the most important ingredients of Walmart. EDLP is the result of Walmart’s everyday low cost (EDLC) philosophy. Walmart lowers costs by reducing expenses, increasing productivity and leveraging technology to improve efficiency throughout our supply chain and our operations. And as the largest retail company, occupying an important role in many countries’ retail markets, Walmart are able to negotiate with suppliers to obtain lower prices. For example, in Mexico, Since Walmart had more purchasing power than the next 17 largest Latin American retailers combined, it was able to negotiate price discounts from its suppliers and generate economies of scale. Walmart attempts to develop a variety of channels – core supercenters, smaller formats such as Neighborhood Market and Walmart Express, and eCommerce. The rise of Internet has Walmart pay attention to online business. Site to Store and Pick Up Today, which provide shopping alternative to Walmart customers, promote its online business grow. KPC: Compliance Integrity: Walmart is implementing a stronger global compliance organization. The job of every Walmart associate must begin with integrity. Ethics and compliance are non-negotiable. Walmart aligns its global compliance, ethics, investigations, and legal functions under one organization. In addition, full compliance with all laws and regulations is premise that they operate in any markets. Walmart has improved its compliance programs significantly and taken appropriate action for any instance of non-compliance. We’re pleased with the progress we’ve made through training, new processes and procedures and recruiting exceptionally strong talent to fill new roles. Acceptance of Diversity: When people mention Walmart today, it is not a certain national company any more. â€Å"Globalization† has stamped deep brands on Walmart. With its expansion, both employees and customers have different skin colors, languages, tastes and consume concepts. In this situation, acceptance of diversity plays more critical role in Walmart’s development. Part III a. China’s Twelve pillars First pillar: Institutions. The quality of institutions has a strong bearing on competitiveness and growth. China’s institution ranked in the middle of all surveyed countries (50th ). Second pillar: Infrastructure. Well-developed infrastructure reduces the effect of distance between regions, integrating the national market and connecting it at low cost to markets in other countries and regions. China ranked on 48th with a score of 4,46. Third pillar: Macroeconomic environment. The stability of the macroeconomic environment is important for business and, therefore, is important for the overall competitiveness of a country. China’s macroeconomic situation remains very favorable, 11th of 144 countries. Fourth pillar: Health and primary education. A healthy workforce is vital to a country’s competitiveness and productivity. Workers who are? ill cannot function to their potential and will be less productive. China receives relatively high marks in health and basic education (35th) and enrollment figures for higher education are also on the rise, Fifth pillar: Higher education and training . Quality higher education and training is particularly crucial for economies that want to move up the value chain beyond simple production processes and products. China places on 62th with a score of 4. 32 Sixth pillar: Goods market efficiency. Countries with efficient goods markets are well positioned to produce the right mix of products and services given their particular supply-and-demand conditions, as well as to ensure that these goods can? be most effectively traded in the economy. Chinese market efficiency places 59th(down 14). In this ? illar, insufficient domestic and foreign competition is? of particular concern, as the various barriers to entry appear to be more prevalent and more important than? in previous years. Seventh pillar: Labor market efficiency. The efficiency and flexibility of the labor market are critical for ensuring that workers are allocated to their most effective use in the economy and provided with incentives to give their best effort in their jobs. China has the greatest number of labor in the world. However, due to deficiency of efficiency and flexibility, China only ranks on 41th. Eighth pillar: Financial market development. The recent economic crisis has highlighted the central role of a sound and well-functioning financial sector? for economic activities. Ninth pillar: Technological readiness. The technological readiness pillar measures the agility with which an economy adopts existing technologies to enhance the productivity of its industries, with specific emphasis on its capacity to fully leverage information and communication technologies (ICT) in daily activities and production processes for increased efficiency and enabling innovation for competitiveness. For China, technological readiness takes a place of 88th(down 11), which has negative influence on Chinese competitives. Tenth pillar: Market size . The size of the market affects productivity since large markets allow firms to exploit economies of scale. In the era of globalization, international markets can to a certain extent substitute for domestic markets, especially for small countries. China has the largest population in the world. With the increase of consume level, China is the second market in the world. Eleventh pillar: Business sophistication. Business sophistication concerns two elements that are intricately linked: the quality of a country’s overall business networks and the quality of individual firms’ operations and strategies. With a score of 4. 25 (45th), there is huge space for China’s firms to improve their operation and strategies. Twelfth pillar: Innovation. The final pillar of competitiveness focuses on technological innovation. Compared with last pillar, China shows better performance on innovation – placing 33th with a score of 3. 85.

Geothermal Energy: A Clean and Renewable Energy :: Alternative Energy Sources

What is Geothermal Energy? The term geothermal comes from the Greek geo meaning earth and therine meaning heat thus geothermal energy is energy derived from the natural heat of the earth. The heat that flows from the Earth's hot interior due to crustal plate movements, zones of high heat flow, may be located close to the surface where convective circulation plays a signifcant role in bringing the heat close to the surface (World Bank Group, 2012). The Earth's crust, on which we live and depend, is in large part the product of millions of once-active volcanoes and tremendous volumes of magma that did not erupt but instead cooled below the surface. Such persistent and widespread volcanism has resulted in many valuable natural resources throughout the world. ... Groundwater heated by large, still-hot magma bodies can be tapped for geothermal energy. -- Excerpt from: Brantley, 2014, Volcanoes of the United States, USGS General Interest Publication Deep circulation of groundwater along fracture zones will bring heat to shallower levels, collecting the heat flow from a broad area and concentrating it into shallow reservoirs or discharging as hot springs. These reservoirs may contain hot water and/or stream. By drilling into these reservoirs, the hot water and/or steam is piped to the surface where it is used for direct use applications, or the high pressure steam is separated to drive turbines for power generation. The low energy waste water form such power generaiton is then usually re-injected back into the reservoir, or further utilised for direct heat applications. This technology enables it to be utilised to generate electricity and provide domestic and industrial heat. Geothermal energy has proven to be reliable, economic, environmentally friendly and renewable (World Bank Group, 2012). In general there are two main categories, (1) the high temperature resources and (2) the moderate/low temperature resources. The high temperature geothermal resources - 220 degrees Celsius and up - are predominantly found in volcanic regions and island chains. The moderate to low temperature resources are found on all continents. The high temperature are almost always used for power production while most of the low temperature resources are used for direct heating purposes or agriculture and aquaculture. How does Harnessing Geothermal Energy Work? Deep wells, a mile or more deep, can tap reservoirs of steam or very hot water that can be used to drive turbines which power electricity generators. There are 3 types of geothermal power plants in use today, and they are: Geothermal Energy: A Clean and Renewable Energy :: Alternative Energy Sources What is Geothermal Energy? The term geothermal comes from the Greek geo meaning earth and therine meaning heat thus geothermal energy is energy derived from the natural heat of the earth. The heat that flows from the Earth's hot interior due to crustal plate movements, zones of high heat flow, may be located close to the surface where convective circulation plays a signifcant role in bringing the heat close to the surface (World Bank Group, 2012). The Earth's crust, on which we live and depend, is in large part the product of millions of once-active volcanoes and tremendous volumes of magma that did not erupt but instead cooled below the surface. Such persistent and widespread volcanism has resulted in many valuable natural resources throughout the world. ... Groundwater heated by large, still-hot magma bodies can be tapped for geothermal energy. -- Excerpt from: Brantley, 2014, Volcanoes of the United States, USGS General Interest Publication Deep circulation of groundwater along fracture zones will bring heat to shallower levels, collecting the heat flow from a broad area and concentrating it into shallow reservoirs or discharging as hot springs. These reservoirs may contain hot water and/or stream. By drilling into these reservoirs, the hot water and/or steam is piped to the surface where it is used for direct use applications, or the high pressure steam is separated to drive turbines for power generation. The low energy waste water form such power generaiton is then usually re-injected back into the reservoir, or further utilised for direct heat applications. This technology enables it to be utilised to generate electricity and provide domestic and industrial heat. Geothermal energy has proven to be reliable, economic, environmentally friendly and renewable (World Bank Group, 2012). In general there are two main categories, (1) the high temperature resources and (2) the moderate/low temperature resources. The high temperature geothermal resources - 220 degrees Celsius and up - are predominantly found in volcanic regions and island chains. The moderate to low temperature resources are found on all continents. The high temperature are almost always used for power production while most of the low temperature resources are used for direct heating purposes or agriculture and aquaculture. How does Harnessing Geothermal Energy Work? Deep wells, a mile or more deep, can tap reservoirs of steam or very hot water that can be used to drive turbines which power electricity generators. There are 3 types of geothermal power plants in use today, and they are:

African Americans and Slavery Essay

The American Revolution was a time of great turmoil for all men and women in the United States. Great debates came and went during this time; slavery and the freedom of black men being the main problems in these debates. Slaves were used for a great number of things during the American revolutionary period. The arrival of slavery to the American colonies began in the 1600s and started out in Virginia. As the years passed more and more African-Americans were brought into the colonies to be used as labor workers. The beginning amount of slaves continued to grow and by the beginning of the revolution there were about 273,000 slaves spread throughout the American states. With the coming of the revolution all African-Americans, slave or free, knew something was coming and each had a different response to these comings. There were differences in the responses of slaves and free men during the American Revolution. There were also consequences to their choices. â€Å"Gaining freedom in a land of captivity and wresting equality from a society whose founding documents guarantee it has been the consuming desire and everlasting hope that has kept harrowed bodies and weary souls going. † In the southern states African-American slaves were treated harsher than those in the north. The plantations down south required back –breaking hours of work in the sun that White Americans believed could only be done by those they had bought. There was a reason for them to be there and until they could no longer work they were to do all things imaginable for their owners, no questions asked. Some of these slaves thought it was easier to run away from their owners and that in doing so they would have a chance to fight for their country. Slaves could either flee to the north or they could flee to Spanish owned Florida. In cases where a master was called upon to fight, they would send a slave in their place and if they lived long enough to return home they earned freedom. Many of the slaves decided that if they had a chance to gain their freedom by joining the war effort then they would gladly take their masters place. They also believed that with the beginning to the revolutionary period would bring a new deed to the land and when it was over there would no longer be a need for slaves. The consequences for slaves in the south were innumerable. Like many slaves, they took this time to run from slave masters and plantations. If these southern slaves were caught, depending on the owner, the slave could suffer mild to severe consequences. Depending on the demeanor of the owner a slave could be punished in several different ways. Whipping, branding, slapping, being dunked underwater, and kicking were just some forms of punishment. The most severe punishments were to cut off a body part like an ear in the hopes that the slave would learn and never run again. There were also â€Å"nice† slave owners that chose not to punish their slaves. There justification for not punishing their slaves was so that they would continue to work and so that the owner could buy more slaves with the money that they continued to pool in from the work. Because of some owners that continuously harassed Washington, he stopped allowing slaves into his army. But General Washington, fearing rebellion, created an order that stated that all blacks were not allowed to fight. Later he partially reversed the order and allowed only free black men to fight with him. Some slaves believed that taking a chance to flee towards the north was a far-fetched idea. They were seeking freedom in the quickest possible way. Lord Dunmore sent out a proclamation that stated in exchange for freedom any black that came to him would fight against the patriots and become a loyalist. Dunmore’s promise of freedom fueled black slaves to escape and even some patriots fled to fight as a loyalist. After the war, true to his word, slaves gained their freedom. Some of these newly freed slaves went to Britain but many of them stayed in the Americas. On the other hand free men in the north believed the revolution would bring about change for the better. Their idea of the revolution was that they were being given the chance to gain independence from Great Britain and also for themselves. It was a defining moment in history that they were to be a part of. Fighting with white men gave these free black men a sense of honor and it also gave them a job where they could earn a little money to put towards getting homes and things of that nature. Men from the north gradually began to realize that they could fight with their brethren and bring independence to the land. General Washington passed an order stating that no black man was allowed into his army. This order came about because of general angst from some slave owners. These owners believed that there should not be any blacks fighting for the independence because they were only good for being slaves and they would never have say over anything. After some time Washington, fearing not having enough men to fight against the British, partially reversed this order to allow only free black men. Other than this there were not many consequences that are recorded for free black men. These free men not only fought for the independence of the nation but also for their independence and the independence of other black men and women. African-Americans from the north and south chose to join the continental army because they believed that they should help make the place the lived independent from a tyranny that had no say in the matters of a new country. They felt that this tyranny could take their rights and place them under unfair rule once again. Some of the freemen and slaves that had started out in the continental army decided to run to the British army but were not successful in their plights. Nash called the revolution the ‘greatest slave rebellion in American history’ because it was just that. The revolution opened up new grounds for slaves to rebel against owners because it was the most opportune time for them to do so. â€Å"If any group within America’s diversified people came close to answering John Adams’s plea that ‘we must all be soldiers,’ it was black Americans. No part of revolutionary society responded to the call for arms with anywhere near the enthusiasm of those who were black. Proportionate to their number, African American males— and some females— were more likely to join the fray than white Americans. † According to this excerpt from another one of Nash’s books, African-Americans were much more adept to answering the plea of John Adams. If there were more African-American fighters than white that meant that more black males were subject to put themselves in danger in order to gain freedom. They would rather have one day of freedom, not knowing if they would die in the next second, hour, or day, than be a slave for the rest of their lives. This is one of the reasons why Nash called the revolution the ‘greatest slave rebellion in American history’. â€Å"Desperate to fill the thinned ranks of its regiments, states offered freedom†¦ to serve during the continuance of the present war with Great Britain. Every black enlistee would be ‘immediately discharged from the service of his master or mistress, and be absolutely free, as if he had never been encumbered with any kind of servitude or slavery. † If states were desperate to have more men come into their ranks then there was nothing really stopping slaves from escaping their masters and coming to fight. They all wanted freedom from someone. Slaves wanted freedom from their bonds that were tied to the soil they worked and the Americans wanted freedom from Great Britain. Both groups had their reasons to fight and the only way slaves knew how to become free was to rebel and run to an army. This was a time for large rebellions on all fronts not just from the slaves. It was a rebellion against the British from the former colonists and a rebellion against the men and women that were taken from their homes to somehow create new ones. â€Å"It may have been, as Nash says ‘the greatest slave rebellion in American history,’ but for most of the rebels it ended like the others, in death. Slaves who supported the American side fared better, but not much better. Only with great reluctance did Washington allow some to join his army. Other Virginians had another wartime use for them. In 1780 the state legislature offered salves as a bounty for enlistment in the war against British tyranny. The revolution did see enactment of measures for gradual emancipation in the northern states, but the number who benefited was small. † My view on the American Revolution has changed somewhat because of how the African-Americans were treated during and after the period of war. The Americans act as though they had not been fighting alongside each other and because of this withhold distaste for the blacks. The completely disregard the idea that every man is created equal and has certain unalienable rights. They do not extend these ideas that were written down on the Declaration of Independence to the free black Americans. Men that had fought with and under Washington were not looked as the same because the color of their skin and were not given the same rights. Because of how they were treated I see the Revolution more as a war against Britain to save other whites from tyranny rather than to gain independence for all mankind. ——————————————–. [ 1 ]. Gary B. Nash, The Forgotten Fifth: African Americans in the Age of Revolution (Harvard University: 2006), 1. [ 2 ]. Taymor, . â€Å"US History Documents. † Last modified 2005. Accessed January 27, 2013. http://inside. sfuhs. org/dept/history/US_History_reader/Chapter2/Nashfighting. pdf. [ 3 ]. Taymor, . â€Å"US History Documents. † Last modified 2005. Accessed January 27, 2013. http://inside. sfuhs. org/dept/history/US_History_reader/Chapter2/Nashfighting. pdf. [ 4 ]. Edmund S. Morgan, review of The Unknown American Revolution:

Panopticism he states that the development of discipline Essay

In Michel Foucault’s (1975) excerpt, Panopticism he states that the development of discipline in the 18th and 19th centuries came from he emergence of prison as the form of punishment for every crime. During these times the major crimes committed were from the French Revolution and the major riots and civil unrest in the French society. In these prisons the Panopticon puts the inmates in a different state in which each one is there own separate individual. Foucault states that the major effect of these Panopticon are that they â€Å"induce the inmate in a state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the automatic functioning of power.† †Such a structure allows individuals to be seen and restricts their ability to communicate with the security, the warden, or other prisoners.† In this case, crowds are nonexistent and each person is confined to their cell where they can be viewed by the watcher. He states that this new form of punishment lead to th e development of a whole new kind of individuality for bodies. The brilliance of this prison is that the Panopticon forces blindness onto the prisoner where he or she is never sure if someone’s watching or not, inducing a harmless form of paranoia, keeping people in place. When a person is accused of a crime, society finds upon itself the responsibility of punishing him or her. The question of morality, however, is finding the perfect punishment in compensation of the crime that was committed. With the Panopticon, rather than breaking them down physically by using tortures like the thumbscrew or whips, prisoners can be broken down mentally, which allows the reconstruction of their mentality. This entire theory is effective due to the natural desire that people in general have to conform to society’s pressures. After all, it is ingrained in the natural being of humans to know that in order to survive, everyone needs a place in society whether it is as the businessman or as a joker. The fear of complete abandonment from this institution allows the system to work properly. Next, the Panopticon is essential to society in its ability to give a prisoner the chance of redeeming himself or herself to become a crucial part of society again. Instead of seeing revenge on the prisoners, this system allows them to be reformed through a force of habit. As prisoners get used to the idea that they’re being watched at all times with or without their knowledge, they adjust their behavior to meet society’s standards and norms. Thus, with a strong sense of paranoia, once the prisoner comes out of the Panopticon, he or she will rethink any decisions of breaking the rules. Once the person goes through that phase of the Panopticon imprisonment, he or she is set for a regular life in the real world with human interaction. In addition, with the Panopticon, power isn’t centralized in the hands of the warden or prison guards. The mere concept of being spied on causes others to display normal behavior, one that they want to portray to society. The real punishment that the prisoner goes through is one within his or her own mind where due to paranoia, the person shapes up to meet the rules of society in what is right rather than wrong. In this case, no one has power over another and even the amount of guards can be lessened; the prisoner is unable to tell the difference as to who is watching or how many people are watching. Power isn’t given to people but is within the architecture of the Panopticon. There will be no more vicious beatings of prisoners and no more degradation of them. In the end, they’re like everyone else, another everyday person in today’s world. Panopticism creates self-discipline forced into play through one’s own mentality of paranoia and fear, allowing criminals to be broken down mentally instead of physically, to redeem themselves as a part of society again, and to allow power to not be centralized in the hands of the warden or prison guards. It’s not only an effective system but it’s also efficient in the way that those separated from society may still have the ability to blend back in after undergoing this type of imprisonment. As a result, the concept of a Panopticon would certainly be better than the status quo where punishment is used and people are locked away behind bars without given a chance to prove that they’re reformed. Any cruel and unusual punishments that may occur are abolished and finally, for those who have made a mistake or two, redemption is finally possible.

Effects Of the Plague essays

Effects Of the Plague essays In October 1347 several merchant ship returned to Sicily carrying more than just the usual goods. Aboard their ships was the plague. Several men were already infected with the plague and as soon as they stepped foot off the ship it spread like wildfire. Traveling through all of Europe the plague wiped out one third of Europes population in a mere five years. The plague did not disappear until the 1600s, even then people still feared the Black Death. With this epidemic also came change in every aspect of life. During the time of the plague people had no idea what to do. Some thought that barring their doors and staying away from all other people could protect them from the plague. Others thought that moving to the county, away from civilization, would protect them. None of these ideas worked unfortunately. People with the plague were left to die and people who didnt have the plague stayed away from all other people. This separation made living impossible, which caused the plague to flourish. When the worst was over and people started to come back together, things were not the same. People still feared the plague and were a little leery to return to normal living. Eventually, the survivors came out of their holes and tried to move on. One survivor of the Black Death was Geoffrey Chaucer. In Chaucers Canterbury Tales he writes of pilgrims who all take their place in society. Most, if not all, of the pilgrims were created or affected by some aspect of the plague. Each pilgrim to ld one story on the way to Canterbury. Their stories include such topics as the church, stratification, and business. Many religious leaders and churches believed that the plague was punishment for the sinful lives that the men and women of the time were leading. The clergy said to evade the plague you must ask for help from God and ask for forgiveness of your sins. However, the common people felt like the church had...

Bullying in the united states of america Research Paper

Bullying in the united states of america - Research Paper Example (Salamone & Pesce 2010). The list actually contained a growing number of victims and these names mentioned here were just part of many cases of bullying that occur in American schools today. These incidents should serve as a wake up call to policymakers, school administrators and the society itself in order for them to pay attention, take necessary and immediate steps to address the problem. The number of innocent lives that are being claimed by this national epidemic should not be permitted to grow even further, especially given the fact that we can do something about it. Why is Bullying Dangerous? In order to understand why bullying must be stopped once and for all, everyone should be aware of what it is. This is crucial because there might still be people out there who scoff at these incidents and regard them as some minor teasing or school scuffles that are naturally part of growing up. The number of interest groups and scholarly work on bullying has resulted to several depiction s of bullying. For example, Robert Thomas (2006) explained that it is the act of tormenting a person in a way he detests. (p. 135) JaredStory.com a cause-oriented website founded by the mother of a bully's victim went as far as calling it a smaller scale terrorism because the bully uses intimidation and terror to threaten, harass and assault a weaker individual. (2011) Then, Fried and Sosland (2009) cited taunting, ostracizing and ridiculing beyond endurance as bullying and pointed to the emergence of the word/concept called bullycide that came to refer to young people who commit suicide because of bullying. (p. 14) The sheer number of explanations does not represent differences or some semblance of debate with regards to bullying. The case is that each has his or her own version to this phenomenon, which is fundamentally about a consistent assault - physical, psychological, oral - on a weaker individual by a stronger bully. In a study undertaken by Bradley (2007), it was found that : 1) one-third of middle school students have felt unsafe at school due to bullying; and, 2) at least 10% of high school students who dropped out of school cited fear of bullying as the cause. (p. 1) Hernandez (2006) also shared grim statistics in his own research, stating, â€Å"nearly 30% of American school children have been involved in some aspect of bullying,† with 13% self-reported of being bullies, 10.6% reported being bullied, and 6.3% reported being both a victim and a bully. (p. 61) The statistics as represented by the works of Bradley and Hernandez is feared to be far from accurate because it is believed that many incidence of bullying go unreported. A very disturbing development today is the emergence of the so-called cyberbullying, â€Å"the use of information and communication technologies to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to harm others.† (Evans 2007, p. 14) This type of bullying is increasin gly becoming significant because it tends to magnify the effects of aggression tenfold. Due to the technological and communication advancements today, many tools are now available to students that enable them to bully individuals at a rate, degree and frequency that has never seen before. Access to mobile phones, the Internet, including its many social networking web sites are conveniently offering very potent means to hurt, harass and humiliate an

Best Performing Director - William Craig Fugate Assignment

Best Performing Director - William Craig Fugate - Assignment Example In 2004, for instance, he staged the largest federal disaster response when the country encountered at least three hurricanes including the Wilma, Dennis and Katrina. Because of the impact of the hurricanes, most of the coastal stages were under the aid of Emergency Management Assistance Compact. This was the time Fugate showed his stewardship. After the Katrina crisis, Fugate took the information from the casualties to determine their eligibility for any compensation. Those whose information was vague were not immediately compensated. He tapped the historical information from those who were employed to verify their credentials and ensure that there was a real home there. Although they were dealing with several people, Fugate mobilized his team with the help of technology. By the time Fugate was nominated to head FEMA in 2009, the agency had already been battered by the previous leaders. Michael Brown had driven the agency into a punch-line due to his decision that depicted his incompetence during the hurricane Katrina of 2005 (U.S. Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency , 2006). With his outstanding performance of over ten years as an emergency manager, Fugate was promoted as a director having shown high competence. He was exposed to emergency services at his tender age after his parents died. Having garnered the best experience, he excelled very well in his career. He faced a lot of challenges that prepared him to lead FEMA. Initially, the agency had lost it reputation when Mr. Brown failed in his leadership leading to loss of property and lives during the 2005 hurricanes of Katrina. His appointment was therefore to restore the lost ‘glory’. This was his designed role for his appointment by President Obam a. As the director, Fugate promulgated the ‘entire community’ strategy towards emergency management by emphasizing and enhancing cooperation with all the government levels, including state, federal, local and tribal.     

Schools and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Schools and Society - Essay Example Hiltz (1997) summarizes that: Virtual classroom students report higher subjective satisfaction than with the traditional classroom on a number of dimensions, including access to their professors and overall quality of educational experience Students perceive their learning experience to be group learning rather that individual learning and that the more they judge the experience to be collaborative, the more likely they are to judge the outcomes as superior to the traditional classroom (page 47). Instructional technologists, educational psychologists, and educators have spent much time developing strategies to use computer mediated communication as a way to enrich and empower student learning. By continuing to explore uses for older technologies and by developing plans to employ new technologies, education professionals are creating an environment where CMC tools are now simply a part of the learning space. They are tools to be used at the point of need and technologies to support multiple learning theories and styles. (Alavi, M., & Leidner, D. E. (2001 p 2). What are the social implications of CMC Does communication via a network impact how people interact with each other Does the quality of that interaction change whether we are at home, at work or at school The an

Retail Bank's Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Retail Bank's Marketing - Case Study Example Pricing is a very integral part of marketing. Decisions about price are those which determine profitability (Stephenson, 2005). It is also one of the factors which determine whether the customer will actually acquire the product or service. Customers base their purchase judgments based on price (Stephenson, 2005). Pricing of the financial products is one of the most crucial decisions. Some of the most common pricing strategies used by the marketers include both cost-based strategies and non- cost based strategies (Winston, 1986). Ethics are moral principles and values that govern the actions and decisions of an individual or group. These serve as guidelines as to what is the fair and right thing to do. Customers have the right to be informed, and it is the marketers' responsibility to ensure they are providing customers accurate and complete information about their products and services, i.e. they should disclose complete costs associated with financial services, but this is not always practiced(Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2003). Social responsibility is an important part of the marketing concept of any organization in any given industry. This is especially important for financial institutions since they serve the public. They need to not only focus on profits but also on the society as a whole. At times it is possible for a company to satisfy its customers yet fail to meet social responsibility. Despite the fact that banks and other financial institutions play a active role in the society, they still manage to conduct practices that abuse the environment discriminate in hiring employees, manufacturing unsafe products or engaging in misleading advertising or labeling. At times these organizations are still focuses on meeting their goals rather than meeting customer needs (Pezzullo, 1998). In the article 'Interest rate clustering in the UK financial services market' (2008), Ashton and Hudson explain through empirical evidence the price and interest rate clustering practices used by retail banks. In their study they explain how financial services marketers capitalize on the difficulties customers face in recalling and processing price information. They do this to maximize their revenue from deposits made by customers. Ashton and Hudson (2008) explain that price and interest rate clustering occur as a result of an individual's limited number recall.

Corporal Punishment, Analysis of the Psychological Evidence

Corporal Punishment, Analysis of the Psychological Evidence Controversy for the use of reasonable force and its appropriateness for reinforcing behaviours is a main issue in states (Gershoff, 2002). Corporal punishment has been deemed illegal in various countries through adopted policies and laws, though it is suggested to have been applied to 94 percent of toddlers aged between three and four (Straus Stewart, 1999). Many psychologists believe that there is established evidence to support the suggestion that corporal punishment; administered in the correct method; can be effective, and dominates any negative constructs. The evidence to support this hypothesis is extensive, and attributes of corporal punishment have not been methodically investigated thoroughly for a solid conclusion. The purpose of this essay is to explore the arguments for and against corporal punishment as an effective form of discipline; through empirical evidence the analysis will provide negative and positive examples of child behaviour with regard to corporal punishmen t. Corporal punishment consists of conditioning behaviours; A method that can be used in classical by paring CS with a UCS to produce a CR. For the purpose of this essay Corporal punishment, negative reinforcement and punishment are forms of operant conditioning; they all serve the purpose of adjusting a particular behaviour but are not part of the principles of classical conditioning, and it is essential in the establishment of this essay to demonstrate the key differences to eliminate any misinterpretations. Negative reinforcement is administered to strengthen the target behaviour by taking away an unpleasant stimulus, punishment is to oppress and extinguish a particular behaviour by administering an unpleasant stimulus or removing a positive stimulus (Lilienfeld, Lynn, Namy, Woolf, Jamieson, Haslam, Slaughter, 2012). The definition of corporal punishment varies between political and scientific positions. Laws against corporal punishment may define it as a form of physical abuse; all behaviours that risk the result of physical injury may be considered abuse, the definition for this essay remains methods of physical discipline that do not risk injury (Straus, 1994). Immediate compliance is the initial aim for uses of corporal punishment (Gershoff, 2002). Experiments with pigeons by Holz Azrin (1961) showed that a pigeon’s response on pecking a plastic disk would decrease with the use of an electric shock when the bird fulfilled the particular behaviour. As a result, this form of positive punishment showed that compliance could be achieved by the giving of an unpleasant stimulus. Advocates for corporal punishment have derived from its effectiveness on extinguishing objectionable behaviours; longitudinal studies on behavioural parent training in clinics concluded that children’s undesired behaviours were decreased as their compliance increased. (Baumrind, Larzelere Cowan, 2002) Hence, they were able to manipulate behaviour more effectively if the individual was compliant. Gershoff (2002) argued that an outcome from her studies reported children’s response to directive was exceptionally immediate with the application of corpo ral punishment. Sixty percent of the studies that came to this conclusion were laboratory based (Holden, 2002), which Domjan (2010) argued is an effective environment for behavioural change but only if they were consistent, immediate and not associated with external stimulus; all though these are strict conditions that psychologists haven’t even perfected. Holden (2002) argues that psychological sensory information is stimulated when a child is punished; assuming there is initial physical, neurophysiological reactions like pain, anger and humiliation are expected to transpire. Aggression is one of the most discussed outcomes for corporal punishment, the collective belief that it provides a model for aggressive behaviour amongst children (Lilienfeld et al). Many psychologists have concluded that the relationship between undesired behaviours and corporal punishment is substantial, including the studies conducted by Gershoff (2002) who established that there were correlations between eleven undesirable child behaviours and corporal punishment through methods of a meta-analysis. Baumrind et al. (2002) argued that the meta-analysis wasn’t conclusive enough for an entire injunction on the use of corporal punishment as the evidence to support the theory was inconsistent; the spectrum of studies used all had different hypothesis, method s and procedures making them incomparable and when collectively evaluated, unreliable. Due to issues on its effectiveness studies have continued to obtain more conclusive evidence, Ferguson (2012) conducted a meta-analysis on forty five longitudinal studies that all measured the influence of corporal punishment on externalizing or internalizing behaviour problems. The data indicated there was a trivial to small, but largely substantial relationship between corporal punishment and the development of long term detrimental behaviours. Similarly, Aucoin Frick (2006) conducted studies within schooling systems to test the associated problems with corporal punishment; through random sampling they collected a number of students, separating them into group’s dependant on exposure to corporal punishment. Comparing it to their level of conduct, they found problems in behavioural adjustment with children who had experienced high levels of corporal punishment, but also children who were not part of an emotionally supportive family climate. Additionally, Implications are relevant as it is difficult to suppress other associations that can cause behavioural problems, Such as individuals who experience maltreatment are more likely to develop juvenile delinquency (Goldman, Salus, Wolcott Kennedy, 2003) In conclusion the research conducted to date provides a support for the media to state that corporal punishment is associated with negative behaviours, though the evidence in the field remains incomplete and has not explored all aspects of corporal punishment. Consequently the evidence cannot justify the injunction of corporal punishment exclusively, it is necessary to dedicate further studies to research the interactions between corporal punishment and undesired behaviours as the findings could help parents conduct disciplinary methods risk free without the development of negative behaviours; though limitations on this kind. References Goldman, J., Salus, K. K., Wolcott, D., Kennedy, K.Y. (2003). A Coordinated Response to  Child Abuse and Neglect: The Foundation for Practice. Retrieved from  http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED474857.pdf Straus, M. A., Stewart, J. H. (1999). Corporal Punishment by American Parents: National  Data on Prevalence, Chronicity, Severity, and Duration, in Relation to Child and  Family Characteristics. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(2), 55.  doi:10.1023/A:1021891529770 Lilienfeld., S. O., Lynn, S. J., Namy, L. L., Woolf, N. J., Jamieson, G., Haslam, N.   Slaughter, V. (2012). Psychology: From enquiry to understanding. French’s Forest,  NSW: Pearson. Straus, M. A. (1994). Beating the Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment in  American Families. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass/Lexington. Domjan, M. (2010).The Principles of Learning and Behaviour(7th ed.). Stamford, USA:  Cengage Learning. Ferguson, C. J. (2012). Spanking, Corporal Punishment and Negative Long-Term Outcomes:  A Meta-Analytic Review of Longitudinal Studies. Clinical Psychology Review,33(1),  196-208.doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.11.002 Aucoin, K. J., Frick, P. J. (2006). Corporal Punishment and Child Adjustment. Journal  of Applied Developmental Psychology, 27(6), 527-541. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.001 Holden, G. W. (2002). Perspectives on the Effects of Corporal Punishment: Comment on  Gershoff. Pscychological Bulletin, 128(4), 590-595.  doi:10.1037//0033-2909.128.4.590   Gershoff, E. T. (2002) Corporal Punishment by Parents and Associated Child Behaviours and  Experiences: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review. Pscychological Bulletin,  128(4), 539-579. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.128.4.539 Baumrind, D., Cowan, P. A., Larzelere, R. E. (2002). Ordinary Physical Punishment:  Is It Harmful? Comment on Gershoff. Pscychological Bulletin, 128(4), 580-589.  doi:10.1037//0033-2909.128.4.580 The use of corporal punishment to modify children’s behaviour is hotly debated in the media. Present an analysis of the psychological evidence on the effectiveness of corporal punishment.

Chose in Leadership Books :: essays research papers

So, you want to be a leader but don't know where to start? Well, after camping out in the self-help section at my local bookseller, I've got good news and bad news. The good news is that you've got lots of help to choose from. The bad news is that you've got lots of help to choose from. In my brief reconnaissance, I discovered a legion of writers who are just itching to let you in on their secrets. Don't believe it? Well, I'll save you a trip. I brought back proof. Don't expect a definitive list though. The cottage industry that's grown up around the subject of leadership easily keeps an army of loggers working overtime. So I just jotted down a representative sample -- enough I think to convince even the most skeptical that there's something for almost everyone. So, FOLLOW ME and read on. As you might have guessed, leadership books are all over the map. If you want your leadership hard-edged and bloody-minded, you can cuddle up with Attila the Hun or Niccolo Machiavelli (Leadership Secrets of Attila the Hun, by Wess Roberts; Machiavelli on Modern Leadership by Michael Ledeen). If you worry that Attila might be too old school, don't despair. There are ample contemporary choices. How about a couple of political celebrities like Rudy Giuliani (Leadership) and Colin Powell (Oren Harari, The Leadership Secrets of Colin Powell)? Sorry, Colin, but I'm guessing that they're not so secret any more. Finally, for the truly avant garde, there's Leadership for the Twenty-first Century, by Joseph C. Rost. Not to digress, but Colin got me thinking. I've read The Da Vinci Code and I've heard about conspiracies to keep the rest of us in the dark. I wonder if there's a cabal of leaders trying to hide their secrets from the hoi polloi. Well, maybe. Colin's not the only one who's decided to fess up. GE's former boss, Jack Welch is another insider who's finally talking (Robert Slater, 29 Leadership Secrets From Jack Welch). Even Santa Claus has decided to come clean (Eric Harvey, The Leadership Secrets of Santa Claus). Who knew that the teamsters kept secrets? There's also a heated debate over whether leadership is art or science. Max Depree says Leadership is an Art. And, he's got lots of company including retired General Barry McCaffrey, (Leadership: The Warrior's Art) and Ken Blanchard (Heart of a Leader: Insights on the Art of Influence).

Tones, Moods, and Irony in the Canterbury Tales

Forms of speech and intonation are extremely important to capture the attention of the audience, whether it is in writing or spoken aloud. In literature, the author uses some literary devices to entice the reader and extract some sort of reaction from him or her. Tone is a literary technique that shows the author’s attitude towards the audience or reader. The tone of a literary work can be informal, formal, serious, angry, playful, intimate, etc.Similar to tone is mood, which is the created atmosphere with the intention of coaxing a certain emotion from the audience, and is created through setting, theme, and tone. Irony, however, is a tone in which the real meaning is contradicted by the words that were used. The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is a suitable novel for showing various examples of tone, mood, and irony through the many different characters, their personalities, and their narrations. As far as literary tone goes, it is basically the same as the tone used wh en verbally speaking.Chaucer balanced the serious and deathly tales with the tales set for comedy. In the General Prologue, the portrayals of the Knight, the Parson, and the Plowman show a solemn tone while the Prioress, the Monk, the Merchant and many of the others have comical, ironic, and satiric tales which settle in great comedy. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer uses irony and straightforwardness more often than other tones. In the Wife of Bath’s Tale, there is very little emotion within the narration.For example, the story goes that for the knight’s deed, he should die because it is the law. There is no room for argument or hesitation, just follow the law. The Knight’s Tale is one of great magnitude. One can notice how Chaucer had honor towards the Knight, because of how grand he is portrayed and how epic his tale is. Everything that happens in the tale feels extravagant and larger than life. The tone of the Knight’s Tale is Chaucer’s way of convincing the audience that the Knight is worthy and important.Throughout the entire novel, Chaucer creates different atmospheres that point out that not only are the characters traveling together, but some of them also have relations with one another. Sometimes, there are quick shifts of mood from sincerity to mockery and form criticism to sarcasm. Chaucer makes it clear that there is tension and hostility between the Reeve and the Miller in the General Prologue and their tales. The Miller, drunk, tells what seems to be a parody of the Reeve and includes that the Reeve’s wife has been cheating on him. As a comeback, the Reeve tells a tale about a miller who gets tricked and cuckolded.In addition to showing issues in the relationship, Chaucer also forms a comedic atmosphere through the novel. Chaucer makes a parody out of the Church, showing how all of the religious travelers in the story are, instead of being models of holiness, they are corrupt, break their vows, and are d efinitely not models of holiness. Ironically enough, the narrator, who is called Chaucer, gives the reader the impression that he is naive, but sometimes turns out to be knowledgeable about how the travelers want to be portrayed and how they actually are.When he describes the Monk, Chaucer agrees with the Monk’s opinions of how a monk is supposed to really act, whereas when he describes the Prioress, Chaucer paints her portrait to appear like a woman of high class while in reality, the Prioress is just a Nun who is concerned with how etiquette and how she eats. The Pardoner’s Tale is one that shows the most irony, because the three men vow to die for each other, but in the end, they kill each other. Also, what the Pardoner does is ironic because he makes people happy when they unknowingly fall for his tricks.Another example of irony is in the Franklin’s Tale when the rocks that Dorigen prays for disappear, all the trouble begins. The Miller’s Tale is also ironic because since John is concerned that his wife would cheat on him, he becomes extremely jealous and possessive, which makes his wife cuckold him. The travelers all have different reasons for telling his or her own tales, whether it is to make fun of someone else in the group, to make the rest of the travelers laugh, to show off, to confess, or to give a story of moral exemplum.With each story comes both different or similar moods and outcomes, and some even include moral teachings. Chaucer as the narrator wrote by memory about the profiles and stories told by the travelers. He included whether or not he liked certain travelers and how he felt about them just by how much or how little he wrote. The Canterbury Tales is a novel full of comedy, satire, irony, and reality. It is a cornucopia of tones and moods. The Canterbury Tales is truly a masterpiece of literature.

Why Chniatown Should Be Conserved

Introduction As part of the Singapore heritage society, I believe that Chinatown should be conserved and should not be replaced by yet another integrated resort. Our Society is dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Singapore history, heritage and identity. We have held many projects to raise awareness of Singapore history and cultural heritage. Chinatown has and will always be a place with much historical value and a part of Singapore limited heritage. According to the dictionary, heritage indicates the characteristics, properties or quality that one inherits at birth.It is also he nation's mark of history, such as stately buildings, countryside, cultural traditions, that are seen as the nation's wealth to be inherited by future generations. Chinatown has been a part of Singapore and a part of our home since the early days when the early immigrants came to Singapore, being one of the few heritages that we are still able to keep hold of. Despite being rather small in size, th is little plot of land is the exact land that our forefathers stood on as they contributed to make Singapore what it is today.But with Singapore fast growth rate and overwhelming need to develop rather, it is not surprising that its historical heritage is being considered to be demolished to make way for the new. Conservation We wish to conserve Chinatown, as it allows us to be connected to our past. Our heritage reminds us of where we started from and of how we managed to progress from being a small fishing village to the bustling city that we are now, giving us a sense of direction in where we are heading to as a nation.Preserving our cultural heritage also goes a long way in explaining our rich cultural, political, social and educational values to the future generations. It is a lesson and an experience in which our forefathers handed down to us so that we can learn from their mistakes and successes, in hope that our nation will continue to grow into a better society. Our heritag e is very valuable and can even be considered as a form of â€Å"national wealth† that has been passed down to us.After receiving this honor and responsibility, we as the children of this nation, should play our part Just as our forefathers did and continue to pass this precious historical gem down for future generations to personally experience and remember our history. National Identity This year, Singapore has Just gained 48 years of independence, and we have successfully created an identity for ourselves that makes us as Gingersnaps more proud of our country and its accomplishments.A national identity is important to its country as it affects Singapore psychological defense, this would determine if Gingersnaps will stay to fight or abandon Singapore when faced with obstacles. The term ‘National identity is a person's sense of belonging to one's state or nation, a feeling one shares with a group of people, regardless of one's citizenship status. An identity is not an inborn trait but is slowly built up as a direct result of the presence of the similarities in people's daily lives, such as national symbols, language, the nation's history, culture and many others.For Singapore, one of these aspects is the Singapore multi-religious backgrounds, Singapore started off with majority of the population being immigrants from countries such as Europe, China, Arabia, India, Amelia and Penman, who came to Singapore in the early sass. While they came to Singapore in hope of finding a better future, they shared their religion to the rest of he country too. Although Chinatown started off as a Chinese settlement, but it contributes significantly to Singapore multi-religious identity as it houses many different religious buildings temples, churches and mosques.An example is the oldest Hindu temple in Singapore, the Sir Marianne which was built in 1827. During colonial times, it served as a refuge for new immigrants and acted as the Registry of Marriages for Hin dus. Today, in addition to its religious services and functions, the temple promotes various social, cultural and educational activities. Festivals such as Thematic (Fire walking ceremony) and Navigator are also celebrated there every year. The Thematic is an important ceremony to the Hindu culture, as it celebrates the honor of Draping who walked through a bed of fire and came out as fresh as a flower, proving her purity.Demolishing these religious buildings for the sake of the Integrated Resort will not only disrupt religious services, but it will also cause Singapore to lose part of its identity and history. Thus we believe that Chinatown should be conserved as it helps to build a unique Identity for Singapore. Festive Seasons During the Chinese New Year period, Chinatown is also the place that Gingersnaps first head to look for their Chinese New Year goodies and clothes.This has become a habit and tradition that most Gingersnaps abide by. At the same time, they are able to enjoy the Chinese New Year atmosphere as the place Chinatown during Chinese New Year, would be decorated with many stunning street lights. This bustling with people time of the year is when Chinatown finally regains its former glory, to the time when Chinatown was bustling with life, with hawkers selling all manners of things long the streets and people squeezing through the crowd to get their hands on the cheapest goods.It is also during times like these when families get together, no matter old or young to purchase items such as new traditional costumes, shoes, decorations, goodies in preparation for Chinese New Year. Chinatown then becomes a place that is unique and original as it allows the people to spend time together without the need to spend much money or for any technology, allowing them to bond. Memories Chinatown is a place where memories and shared experiences are being made.Even ill today, there are still people who have been living there since they were young and have built many memories about their childhood days there. Upon asked if she had any special memories in Chinatown, one of our interviewees, the owner of a textile shop, replied that â€Å"When I was young I used to spend most of my time in the shop. As my parent's watched the shop, me and my brother would study there. At times, we would also meet up with the other little kids there to play and run about the playground nearby. When asked why she chose to open a shop in Chinatown, she been with us for 3 generations. This shop meaner a lot to our family, as though it is our very own child. It also stores a lot of our memories as a kid. † Chinatown is also known as the ‘elderly district' and most of the people who stay there are actually elderly who have been living there since young. To them, Chinatown is the place where they feel at home, where they all their memories were made. These friends that they make slowly become more like their families than mere neighbors; taking care of each other and entertaining one another.Among the 25 people we interviewed, 85% of them agree that Chinatown should be conserved as it possesses lot of historical value and that from the many years living there, they have created many enjoyable memories there and do not want to ever lose them. However, if a third integrated resort were to be built here, all these experiences and precious memories would be lost and forgotten as generations pass as though they too have faded away from existence. Skills and Passion Chinatown is a place where people can showcase their skills and passion.In Chinatown, there are many little stores that sell traditionally hand-made local delicacies and clothing that are now hard to find in Singapore society. There are many tailors sewing Chicagoans, a traditional Chinese costume that are worn by Chinese females since the early days. These clothes are very significant to Singapore past as it is also one of the few artifacts the has been passed down from th e past to the current present. These Chinese costumes also remind us of how Singapore was in the past, and through the colors and decorations, we are able to bring out the colorful culture and heritage of our country's past.Also, there are many hawkers making their own buns through the traditional methods. Not only goes this allow the people to showcase their skills, this also allows them to survive in the Singapore context despite the tough competitions with famous chain-shops. This is at the same time beneficial to Singapore as it helps Singapore to increase their Job employment rates and allows the people to have the chance to chase after their passions in life despite their financial statuses.However, if the integrated Resort were to be built on Chinatown, this would cause many people to become Jobless and thus unable to support their families. Similarly, their passions can only be buried along with the rest of Chinatown. Tourists According to a research, destinations excelling in their cultural heritage are more likely to be on traveler's consideration list. Among the many respondents from 20 different countries, 57% of them agree that history and culture are strong influences on their choice of holiday destination, with only 15% of the people disagreeing to this statement.Conforming to this, Chinatown has been rated as one of the top ten attractions in Singapore due to its strong historical value and its colorful vibe. Due to our struggle towards progress after gaining independence on August 9 1965, we eve already demolished many of our memorable infrastructures in order to make way for the new, furthermore, only having 48 years of independence, Singapore does not have many places with much historical value.Hence, if we demolish Chinatown, we might be at a risk of having a sharp decrease in tourist rates, which may also not be as appealing to the tourists as compared to the uniqueness of Chinatown. From the opinions of most of the people we interviewed, most of them also agree that another integrated resort would only be redundant as we already have two other integrated resorts, them being Marina Bay Sands and Resort World Santos. Meanwhile, Chinatown is unique as there can only be one of it throughout the whole of this lifetime.If we demolish it, we would be losing it forever and we would never be able to build it and its priceless history again. A trip to Chinatown will also be more fruitful for the tourists. According to the theory of knowledge, the two main ways to gain knowledge is through experience and reasoning. Chinatown many historical infrastructure, vibrant atmosphere and heritage centre, allows them to reasonably experience the background and heritage of Singapore. Through this experience, it allows us to gain something more valuable than money, the power of knowledge and understanding upon visiting it.However, the Integrated Resort would only promote entertainment, such as gambling and shopping. Thus, by conserving Ch inatown , not only are we able to increase Singapore tourism rates and boost our economy, it also allows the tourists to benefit greatly from the experience and learn more about our culture and heritage. Land Scarcity Building an Integrated Resort over Chinatown would not only cause a lack of housing or the people who are currently living in Chinatown, but also with Singapore plan to increase the population from about 5. 8 million to 6. Million by 2030, this unbalance between the land use for entertainment purposes and the land used for housing purposes would create a serious problem for the people, such as overcrowding due to the lack of space. With over 5 million people currently living within the 710 km area of land, Singapore has been ranked the second most densely populated country in 2012. Singapore is already facing a problem with the lack of land and building more housing areas would not be an easy take. In addition, if an Integrated Resort were to be built in Chinatown, the residential areas in Chinatown would be lost, which would be a disadvantage to Singapore.Land scarcity is a dire situation and it may lead to unhygienic living spaces, which would make it easier for pests such as mosquitoes to breed. As Singapore is a tropical country, we are very prone to dengue's. From the 16-22 June 2013, there was a total of 82 dengue outbreaks within that single week, and from the start of January to 13/08/2013, there has already been 6 unfortunate victims who have passed away due to dengue fever. From this, we can tell the severity of Dengue Fever in Singapore, and with the unhygienic environment, this would lead to a higher risk of the people having Dengue Fever.Hence, not only will Chinatown help in the heritage of Singapore, but it will also help in the land constraint problem Singapore is facing currently. Conclusion In conclusion, I strongly feel that we should conserve Chinatown as it is part of our home town and heritage. It reminds Gingersnaps of how far Singapore has progressed from being Just a free port all the way to being the central trading port of people who lived, worked and visited Chinatown in the chophouses, temples and mosques. Chinatown is a place that holds the memory and identity of Singapore.