Biography of Carl Jung

Carl Jung is known to be wiz of the near famous psychological theorists of twentieth century. For sixty years, he positive him self with a singularity of purpose to analyzing the far flung and deep craft process of serviceman own(prenominal)ity. An exceptional and prominent approach of Jung in the sketch of psychology highlighted understanding the psyche through exploring the worlds of dreams, art, all self-importanceryology, world religion and philosophy. The hand over paper focuses on Carl Jungs biography and his major involvement in the bea of psychology and art.Jung, Carl Gustav, Swiss psychiatrist, initiator of analytical psychology, was born in Kesswil, Switzerland on 26 July 1875. Jung was the only son of the village pastor, the Reverend capital of Minnesota Achilles Jung, and Emilie Jung, nee Preiswerk. His grandfather, Carl Gustav Jung (17941864), after whom he was christened, was a much-respected physician, who became Rector of Basel University and Grand oversha dow of the Swiss Lodge of Freemasons. He was supposed to be the illegitimate son of Goethe. Though he bore a strong physical comparison to the great poet, this is belike a legend and not fact.Childhood ritual disposed(p) him for his later insights into the importance of projection in psychology. Jungs adult delight in solitude, his alchemical studies, and his research into the dynamics of psychic transformation were also foreshadowed in an adolescent fantasy (Anthony Stevens, 2001). He discovered philosophy and read widely during his teens, and this, together with the disappointments of his boyhood, led him to renounce the strong family tradition and to study medicate and become a psychiatrist. During his youth time, he studied extensively in philosophy and theology.After attaining his medical degree (1902), he deeded in Zurich with Eugen Bleuler in the field of mental illness. At Burgholzli, Jung began, with outstanding success, to apply association tests initiated by ill-br edly researchers. He studied, especially, patients peculiar and illogical solvents to stimulus words and found that they were caused by emotionally charged clusters of associations withheld from consciousness because of their disagreeable, immoral (to them), and frequently informal content. He used the now famous term complex to describe much(prenominal) conditions.Jung was mainly interested in parapsychology during his career. He came in edge with Sigmund Freud as a close collaborator and most likely switch between 1907 and 1912, but he had disagreement with Freud over the issue of the sexual basis of neuroses. Jung conjecture of personality is usually identified as psychoanalytic possibility because it emphasizes the unconscious processes. He gave more weight on tidy sums aim and plans and less to instincts (Morgan, 1981). Jung was listed president of the General Medical ships company for Psychotherapy in 1933.This organization had Nazi connections. Jung was severely criti cized for his activities with the organization and his literature about racial differences in the magazine Zentralblatt fur Psychotherapie. Jung died on June 6, 1961. The most distinctive and prominent possess of Jung view of human is that human appearance is conditioned not only by individual and racial score but also by aims and aspiration. Both the past as real and future as potentially guides ones present behavior. Jung supposition emphasizes the social and phylogenetic foundation of personality.He explained that the foundations of personality are old, premature, innate, unconscious and probably public. Jung emphasized the racial origin of personality. According to him, an individual personality is a resultant of inner forces acting upon and being acted upon by outer forces. The entireness personality or psyche consists of differentiated but interacting system. The principal lark about of his theory of personality is ego, the personal unconscious and its complexes, the collective consciousness and its archetypes, the persona, the anima and animus and the shadow.He explained ego is the conscious mind. It is made up of conscious perception, memories, impressions and feeling. The ego is liable for ones feeling of identity. The personal unconscious is a di view adjoining to ego. It consists of experiences that were ones conscious but which thrust been repressed, suppressed, bury or ignored. A complex is an organized group of feeling, thoughts, perceptions and memories that exists in personal unconscious. Jung described the complexes may behave like an autonomous personality that has a mental life (Hall and Lindzey, 1978).The concept, for which Jung is best known, is the collective unconscious. It has had a profound process not only on psychology but also on philosophy and the arts. The collective consciousness is the storehouse of unconscious archetypes (primordial images), concept that represents the primitive and ancestral experiences of huma n race. One acquires these unconscious images automatically as a persona of ones genetic heritage. An archetype is a universal thought form that contains large elements of emotions.This thought form creates images or vision that corresponds to normal waking life to nearly aspect of conscious situation. Examples of archetypes are God, rebirth, the wise old man and the devil. In the collective unconscious, one finds the sources of myth and memory of universal realities such as mothers and fathers, the sun and storms, masculinity and muliebrity (Morgan 1981). The concept of collective unconscious is of the most pilot light and controversial feature of Jung personality theory. It is most powerful and influential system of psyche and in pathological cases over shadow, the ego, and the personal unconscious.Another principal feature of Jungs theory of personality is persona. It is mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition and to his or her own archetype needs. If the ego identifies with persona, as it frequently does, the individual become more conscious of the part that he is playing (Hall and Lindzey 1978). Jung intends synchronistic occurrences are neither provable nor disprovable in the hard, inexorable sense we traditionally associate with the natural sciences, and with mathematics.Jungs notion of synchronicity is associated inextricably with his notion of archetypes, those elusive, quasi- instinctual entities which Jung employs to explain just about everything that has to do with the dynamics of human psychology. So-called archetypes are the genetically based tendencies which steer or regularise our behavior at the unconscious level, including the psychosomatic level, and which characteristically express themselves in powerful, timeless images usually connected to myths, religious rituals, and magic the gods of antiquity, the pentagram, the mandala, the cross, the philosophers stone (M. D. Faber, 1998).In ac cession to a balance of conscious and unconscious forces, Jung emphasized other balances in ones nature. Some modes of experiencing and dealing with the world may be prominent in ones conscious personality, while diametrical modes may dominate the unconscious side. He theorized that human is essentially a bisexual animal on the psychological level. Sexuality is the basic effort urge for people was denied by Jung. Jung ascribed the feminine side of mans personality (anima) and masculine side of womens personality to archetypes (animus). These archetypes are fruit of the racial experiences of man with women and women with man.In the view if Jung, shadow archetype consists of the animal instincts that public invented in their evolution from their lower forms of life. Shadow is responsible for our conception of original sin. When it is projected outwards, it becomes devil or energy. Jung pioneered the notion of individuation. The process of individuating consists of a serial of met amorphoses such as birth/infancy, puberty, adulthood, and midlife. If one can individuate at midlife, the ego is no longer at the center and the individual makes some sort of peace with her/his mortality (Ellenberger, 1970).Before the self can emerge, it is necessary for the various components of the personality to become fully developed. Jung formulated the concept of introversion and extraversion that is turning inward toward contemplation or outward toward others (Morgan 1981). Jung assumes that personality contains frozen tendencies that may come into conflict with one another. He believes that the psychological theory of personality must be formed on the principal of inverse or conflict because the tension created by conflicting element is the centerfield of life itself. Without tension there would be no energy and so no personality.All the creative art psychotherapies have their roots to C. G. Jungs early work on active imagination. Jung learned to develop an ongoing affi liation with his bouncing creative spirit through the power of imagination and fantasies. He phrased this remedy method active imagination. Jung started many expressive techniques to dream the dream onward. dynamical imagination practice developed by Jung cheers patients to create fantasies, paint pictures, shape forms in clay, write poems and stories, dance or move the body expressively, and design scenes in sand trays in order to foster a birth with the unconscious.Many of these forms of creative expression have engendered particular therapeutic practices such as art therapy, movement therapy, drama therapy and role-playing. Jungs view of literature was undecided. He had a particular concern in trivial literature. Jung found a incarnation of the anima in H. Rider Haggards novel She. Jung was fascinated in the mythic and archaic elements in literature. His Symbols of Transformation (1912) contains a lengthy discussion of Longfellows Hiawatha, which is regarded as a poetic c ompilation of mythical motifs.The old Chinese text, The Secret of the Golded Flower, wake Jungs interest in alchemy. In 1944, his major study in this field, Psychologie und Alchemie, was create in German. For Carl Jung, yoga is a general term indicating all of easterly thought and psychological practice. In his writings yoga is used to designate Eastern traditions as diverse as Hinduism, Indian Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Japanese Buddhism and Chinese Taoism (J. Borelli, 1985). Jung was a fanatical, gifted thinker committed to knowledge and fearless in his search of the truth.Though the theory postulated by Jung is somewhat shrouded in mystism, Junganian psychology has a tote up of devoted admirers and proponents. Many of these are practicing Jungs method of psychotherapy and have accepted his fundamental postulates regarding personality. References 1) Hall, C. S. , and Lindzey G. 1978. Theories of personality (3rd ed. ). New York Wiley. 2) Faber, M. D. 1998. Synchronicity C. G. Jung, Psychoanalysis, and Religion publishing house Praeger Publishers. Place of Publication Westport, CT. Page twist 3. 3) Morgan Clifford T, King Richard A. , Robinson Nancy M. 1981.Introduction to Psychology ordinal Edition Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited. 4) Ellenberger, Henri F (1970). Carl Gustav Jung and Analytical Psychology, a chapter in The Discovery of the Unconscious The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. BasicBooks, Perseus Books Group. 5) J. Borelli. 1985. Jung and Eastern Thought. Harold Coward author. Publisher State University of New York Press. Place of Publication Albany, NY. 6) Anthony Stevens. 2001. Jung A very Short Introduction Publisher Oxford University Press. Place of Publication Oxford, England.. Page Number 7.