Saturn

Saturns atmosphere is composed mostly of molecular enthalpy and helium. The exact relative abundance of the two molecules is not swell known, since helium must be measured indirectly. Currently the bug outmatch estimate is that the planets atmosphere is 18 to 25 per centum helium by mass. The remainder is molecular hydrogen and about 2 percent other molecules. Helium is slight abundant relative to hydrogen compared with the composition of the Sun. If hydrogen, helium, and other elements were bring out in the same proportions as in the Suns atmosphere, Saturns atmosphere would be about 71 percent hydrogen and 28 percent helium by mass. fit in to some theories, helium may commit settled out of Saturns outer layers.
Other major molecules observed in Saturns atmosphere are methane and ammonia, which are two to sevener times more abundant relative to hydrogen than in the Sun. Hydrogen sulfide and water are also suspect to be drive home in the deeper atmosphere but have not yet been detected. Minor molecules that have been detected spectroscopically from existence include phosphine, carbon monoxide, and germane. Such molecules would not be present in detectable amounts in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere in chemical equilibrium.



They may be products of reactions at high closet and temperature in Saturns deep atmosphere, well below the plain clouds, that have been transported to visible atmospheric regions by convective motions. A come in of other nonequilibrium hydrocarbons are observed in Saturns stratosphere: acetylene, ethane, and, possibly, propane and methyl group acetylene. All of the latter may be produced by photochemical effects from solar ultraviolet radiation or, at higher(prenominal) latitudes, by ener formic electrons precipitating from Saturns radiation belts.
Astronomers on Earth have analyzed the refraction (bending) of starlight and radio waves from spacecraft passing through Saturns atmosphere to gain training on atmospheric temperature over depths corresponding to pressures of...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com



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